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Setting the Path for Vocational Education

Ms Monica Malhotra Kandhari, Managing Director, MBD Group says vocational education as the name suggests is the skill development education focusing on a particular vocation or trade based on practical and hands-on approach as opposed to a purely academic approach to education and is focused on developing skills related to a specific trade. In India, the focus has been on general education so much that large numbers of educated people remain unemployed while on the other hand there is an acute shortage of skilled manpower in many sectors. As per a government report, by 2022 around 119 million additional skilled workforces will be required by 24 sectors such as construction, retail, transportation logistics, automobile, and handloom. Any shortfall in skilled manpower will pose a huge impediment to the future economic growth of the country.

Strengthening vocational education therefore becomes imperative if India is to address the current shortfall and to augment its skilled workforce for the future. The current strength of ITI’s (Industrial Training Institutes) and ITC’s (Industrial Training Centres) is woefully inadequate to address the current shortfall of skilled workforce; therefore it becomes necessary to look at widening the scope and dimension of skills training. The education system in India needs to be upgraded and focus should be on flexible education and training system. Skill based education must be imparted to students right from the school level. Students should be encouraged to learn and develop skills based on their interest and their capability. Providing skill based education with practical hands on sessions at the school level would also arouse interest and foster innovative thoughts in the minds of young students. Such an education system that focuses on flexible dual learning at the school level would help set the foundation for the development of a large supply pool of skilled work force for the future.

Also, it is generally estimated that around 90% of all employment opportunities require candidates with vocational skills. The education system in India with emphasis on knowledge based learning is clearly not in tune with the above requirement and the consequence is the current mismatch in demand and supply of skilled manpower in the country. Occasional news reports of large number of graduates, post graduates and even those with management degrees queuing up for such government jobs as Peons or other Grade IV jobs, where the educational qualification just call for a matriculate, is testament to the failure of the current education system in generating suitable candidates for various sectors of employment. The economy needs skilled technical assistants and skilled craftsmen as much as it needs doctors and scientists. Starting vocational education right at the school level will infact open the doors for students to pursue their interest early and by the time he/she is certified from vocational institute, the skill acquired would be of high quality which will help him/her gain an efficient job later in life.

As per a Government paper on “SUPPORT TO TRAINING AND EMPLOYMENT PROGRAMME FOR WOMEN (STEP) 2014” indicates that a meager 7% of Indian workforce receive formal or informal vocational training as compared to developed economies like Korea (96%) and Japan (80%). This abysmal level of vocational education needs to be remedied on a war footing and how better to do that other than by imparting skill based education right to children at nascent stage. An efficient skill development system starting from the grassroots would help India to positively reap its demographic dividend.

Although India has taken great strides in the field of education and school enrollment rates are improving year on year, school dropout in the age range of 15-18 years is also equally high. An estimate of 85% of student drops out has been recorded around the age of 15 years and in contrast the participation rate of the work force rises rapidly around the given age range. Thus, vocational education at the school level itself would ensure that the percentage of people in the workforce that has had vocational education would see a dramatic rise and the new entrants to the workforce would constitute of skilled workers.

As India looks to stay on a high growth trajectory, it will need to skill its vast manpower. The current set up is out of sync with market demands. Getting manpower with the right skills for a job is becoming increasingly difficult. The existing strength of ITIs and ITCs is insufficient to train the projected requirement of skilled manpower. In such a scenario, schools act as the first providers of formal education and can play a huge role in imparting vocational education to a large number of learners, helping to bridge the widening gap between supply and demand of skilled laborers in the country. Schools can also nurture youngster’s capabilities and arouse their interest and help them excel in their chosen field.

Bengaluru to have ‘Genius Micro Schools’ based on technology

The Garden city, Bengaluru, being well-known for its spirit of entrepreneurship as well as the development in education, has come up with “Genius Micro Schools”, focused on technological education.  The school, which will focus on kindergarten to class 8th students, was launched by Advitya Sharma, the co-founder of Housing, a popular property site.

The concept of “Genius Micro-schools” is based on US based AltSchool. The Genius Micro-schools will have entrepreneur Teacher, who can run the Micro-schools from home via a technology that has been specially designed for learning needs, interest and pace of every child.  The product aims to create a knowledge graph of every child and change the content, practice, homework accordingly, optimising the learning experience.

The teachers can run micro-schools with about 5-8 students. Moreover, teachers would be trained to utilise technology and optimise time.

Several test preparation apps and portals which focus primarily beyond class eight education have raised risk capital from investors as students move away from offline classroom teaching model to online courses.

Creating 1500 women entrepreneurs, Kidzee has big expansion plans for future

Encouraging more and more women towards entrepreneurship, Kidzee has plans to open up more pre-schools centres across India. Till now, Kidzee has been able to create 1,500 women entrepreneurs, across 550 cities, who are specially trained by the company to tend to the young ones.

Kidzee has been focussing on nurturing the ‘unique potential’ in every child. The brand is also involved in making people aware of early childhood needs. As 90% of the brain’s development takes place from the age of 0 to 6 years, it is essential to focus on the young brains.

Regarding expansion, Kidzee follows an all-franchise model, wherein the franchisees are required to invest in setting up schools, while the company provides all the required teaching aids and infrastructure standards.

Another interesting policy, worth mentioning is that, Kidzee allows only women to become franchisees, with the staff at each schools also comprising only women. This may be because women respond to early childhood needs better.
Each school may be built over a minimum area of 2,500 sq feet, and would require an investment of Rs 10-15 lakh, which will be borne by the franchisee.

Himachal government announces Rs 166 crore for skill development of 50,000 rural youth

The Himachal Pradesh government announced 17 skill development projects worth Rs. 166 crore have been approved under the”National Rural Livelihood Mission” (Ajivika Scheme). Under this Project 50 thousand rural youth would be trained in various trades over a period of three years.

While laying the foundation stone of the Central Institute of Plastic Engineering and Technology (CIPET), chief minister Virbhadra Singh expressed hope regarding the manpower passing out of CIPET through the conduct of various short term courses and formal diploma courses in the field of Plastic Engineering Technology and that they would be capable to secure job in the plastic industry and would also be able to set up their own enterprises.

In order to provide skilled labor to the entrepreneurs foundation stone of Rs. 102.32 crore Tool Room/ Technological Development Centre (TDC) of Small, Medium and Micro Enterprises was laid at Baddi in February this year, to train the youth as per needs of the industries.

Courses like Bachelor of Vocational Education will be started in 10 colleges and other short term courses will be started in other government colleges.

Open Counselling for Private BEd colleges in MP to commence from this year

The Madhya Pradesh state higher education department is to start open counseling for admission of students in private BEd colleges from this year. This step comes amid requests from private colleges running BEd courses specially those which have suffered poor enrollment of students in terms of number of seats available.
Out of 60,000 registered students nearly 80 percent appeared,in the first ever online examination conducted by Madhya Pradesh Professional Examination Board (MPPEB).

Madhya Pradesh (MP) has roughly 56,000 seats for B.Ed,whereas the number of colleges in Indore division alone is 55 and is 550 across the state. In 2014, nearly 1.44 lakh students had applied for the course, which subsequently dropped to 65,000 in 2015.

Much of the reason of the loss of interest in BEd programme is attributed to National Council for Teacher Education (NCTE) which made the one-year course to two-year duration from 2015-16. Nearly 80 per cent seats in BEd colleges of Indore city remained vacant after first counselling for admissions. Of 3,200 seats in 31 BEd colleges in the city, 2,549 seats were vacant after first counselling.

Incremental fees to be utilised for institutional development, not for luxuries: Manish Sisodia

On Tuesday April 26, the Delhi education minister made it very clear that fee hike in private schools in Delhi should be used for the sole purpose of the development of the institute and not for expanding their teaching shop empire.
This came as a response to a question asked by a student over the high fees charged by private schools and quality of education in government schools at a function organised by Bharat Ahshara Social Organisation (BASO),an NGO working to build mohalla libraries and clinics.

Recently two private schools were pulled up by the Delhi government and ordered to roll back their fee hike.
The Department of Education has asked the private schools in the national capital to submit their proposals of fee hike for prior sanction latest by May 7.

Asserting that his government is committed to improve the quality of education in schools, Sisodia also noted that not all private schools have good teaching standards.

Mr Sisodia also said he once found that Hindi medium students of Class X were not able to read properly. He also expressed concerns over the atmosphere prevailing in government schools.

Separate Medical Entrance Test for State and Private Colleges: Centre to SC

The Central Government has sought modifications to its Thursday’s order for separate entrance tests for private and government medical colleges for the academic year 2016-2017 by moving the Supreme Court.

Attorney General(AG) Mukul Rohatgi while making suggestion pointed out some genuine difficulties in the two-phased single common entrance test for MBBS, BDS and PG courses through National Common Entrance Eligibility Test (NEET) scheduled to take place in May 1 and July 24. He suggested that the first phase of NEET scheduled for May 1 be scrapped and students be allowed to take the exams on July 24. An estimated number of 6.5 lakh candidates are likely to appear in the entrance of MBBS and BDS courses.

The apex court had said those who had not applied for AIPMT will be given the opportunity to appear in NEET-II on July 24 and the combined result would be declared on August 17 so that the admission process can be completed by September 30.

According to the order all government colleges, deemed universities and private medical colleges would be covered under NEET and those examinations which have already taken place or slated to be conducted separately stand scrapped.

The court was of the view that since it has recalled its April 11 order, there was no hindrance in holding the single entrance test.

NGO Sankalp Charitable Trust had filed a petition in which it had said that the Centre, MCI and CBSE were dilly-dallying in implementing the court’s order on the National Eligibility Entrance Test.

Education Aid to India doubles from $421 Million to $806 Million: UNESCO

According to the UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), in a global education aid monitoring report, India has received  $806 million in 2014, nearly twice the $421 million it received in 2013.
The World Bank leads the pack, followed by the European Union institutions, the UK and Germany for supporting education in India.
This report can be taken optimistically as the increase in International aid should allow the country to tackle the areas of unfinished business in its education domain, including the substantial amounts of adolescents still out of school, and the pervasive levels of adult illiteracy still remaining.
However, a Human Resource Development (HRD) Ministry official, regarding the rising trend of education aid to India, mentioned that that the government is “happy, but not gung-ho” about the situation. This can be due to the fact that international aid is not even a fraction of what India spends on education.
The report also brought out, while the fund flow to India doubled, globally international aid to education has dropped some $500 million, from $13.6 billion in 2013 to $13.1 billion in 2014.

Sanskrit Teaching may facilitate the study of Science and Technology in IITs

Getting to know our roots is imperative for future growth and success. Working on this, in a recent development by the HRD Ministry, the IITs have been asked to teach Sanskrit, as a medium to make the study of science and technology easier.

This decision has got approval from a panel, chaired by N Gopalaswami, Former Chief Election Commissioner (CEC). In his report, it was suggested that IITs may facilitate the study of science and technology as reflected in Sanskrit literature along with other disciplinary study of Sanskrit and modern subjects.

digitalLearning View: Since this decision of the HRD minister has come up, a section of academicians and politicians have shown outrage, specially on social media, calling this as a veiled attempt to saffronise  education in the country.

Now, what does the panel chaired by former CEC say? If one reads carefully, it is clearly mentioned that, ‘IITs may facilitate the study of science and technology as reflected in Sanskrit literature’. After the above line with the two words in bold, there should not be an iota of doubt in any layman’s mind let alone an academician.

We also believe that Sanskrit is an ancient and rich language which needs to be revived at all levels of education and this is just an effort by the current government and the HRD ministry in particular to that effect which should be welcomed by the academicia.

HRD Ministry and NCERT work together for ‘Digital India’ via e-classes,e-books and websites

Slowly, but steadily the dream for  ‘Digital India’ of  our Prime Minister, Narendra Modi is being fulfilled. In a recent development, the Ministry of HRD has  come up with a proposal to impart education through e-Classes and e-books.  Working on the lines, about 93,000 e-Books for the college students are already available under National Mission on Education through Information and Communication Technology (NMEICT) Programme.

Laying more stress on digital education, online courses’ called ‘MOOCs’ for students from class 9 to post graduation, in any discipline, will be made available through e-Classes under a programme called Study Webs of Active Learning for Young Aspiring Minds (SWAYAM), which  is likely to begin around the middle of this year.
Moreover, Information and Communication Technology (ICT) enabled teaching and learning is supported in government and government aided Secondary and Higher Secondary schools.

Adding more to it, the National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT) has also decided to go digital by launching e-books and e-classes. It has also started a website called ‘e-Pathshala’ to disseminate all the NCERT textbooks, audio, video, images, interactive objects etc. The digital contents including e-books from Class I-XII are available on e-Pathshala,  in English, Hindi, Urdu and Sanskrit. The stakeholders (students, teachers, educators and parents) can search, access, download and read and use these e-contents through multiple technology platforms i.e. mobile phones, and tablets and on web through laptops and desktops.

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